Cold brew is one of the most forgiving brewing methods — but the ratio matters more than most people realize. Too little coffee and the result is thin and watery. Too much and it becomes harsh and over-concentrated. The key decision is whether you are making a concentrate (to dilute later) or a ready-to-drink batch.
Cold Brew Ratios
| Type | Coffee:Water Ratio | Example (grams) | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| Concentrate | 1:4 | 100g coffee / 400ml water | Dilute 1:1 with water or milk before drinking |
| Concentrate (strong) | 1:3 | 100g coffee / 300ml water | For very strong concentrate or milk drinks |
| Ready-to-drink | 1:8 | 100g coffee / 800ml water | Drink straight over ice |
| Ready-to-drink (mild) | 1:10 | 100g coffee / 1000ml water | Lighter, more refreshing |
Recommendation for beginners: Start with a 1:8 ratio ready-to-drink batch. It is the most forgiving and requires no dilution math.
Steep Time
| Method | Temperature | Steep Time |
|---|---|---|
| Room temperature | 68–72°F (20–22°C) | 12–14 hours |
| Refrigerator | 35–40°F (2–4°C) | 16–24 hours |
Room temperature steeping is faster. Refrigerator steeping is slower but produces a slightly smoother, less acidic result. Both methods work well.
Do not steep for more than 24 hours — the coffee can become bitter and over-extracted, especially at room temperature.
How to Make Cold Brew (Basic Method)
- Grind coffee coarse — similar to or slightly coarser than French press.
- Combine coffee and cold or room-temperature water in a jar or pitcher.
- Stir gently to make sure all grounds are saturated.
- Cover and steep at room temperature for 12–14 hours, or in the refrigerator for 16–24 hours.
- Strain through a fine mesh strainer, cheesecloth, or paper coffee filter.
- Store the strained cold brew in the refrigerator. It keeps well for up to two weeks.
Dilution Guide for Concentrate
If you made a 1:4 concentrate, dilute it before drinking:
| Desired Strength | Concentrate | Diluent |
|---|---|---|
| Standard (like drip coffee) | 1 part | 1 part water |
| Lighter | 1 part | 1.5 parts water |
| Milk drink (latte-style) | 1 part | 1 part milk or oat milk |
| Over ice (accounts for melt) | 1 part | 0.75 parts water |
Troubleshooting
| Problem | Likely Cause | Fix |
|---|---|---|
| Weak, watery | Too little coffee or too short steep | Increase ratio or steep longer |
| Bitter, harsh | Over-steeped or grind too fine | Reduce steep time or coarsen grind |
| Muddy, gritty | Grind too fine | Use coarser grind; filter twice |
| Sour | Under-extracted | Steep longer or use slightly finer grind |
| Flat, dull | Stale coffee | Use fresher beans |
Grind Size for Cold Brew
Use a coarse grind — similar to French press or slightly coarser. Fine grinds over-extract during the long steep time and make filtering difficult. See the Coffee Grind Size Chart for a visual reference.